Build a Low Latency Voice Agent

Step-by-step guide to building a low latency AI Voice Agent with VideoSDK, including setup, code, and testing.

Introduction to AI Voice Agents in Low Latency Voice Agent

AI Voice Agents are software systems designed to process and respond to human speech in real-time. These agents are crucial in various industries, from customer service to smart home devices, where quick and accurate responses are vital.

What is an AI Voice Agent?

An AI Voice Agent leverages technologies like Speech-to-Text (STT), Text-to-Speech (TTS), and Language Models (LLM) to understand and interact with users through voice. They can perform tasks, answer questions, and provide information seamlessly.

Why are they important for the low latency voice agent industry?

In industries where response time is critical, such as emergency services or automated customer support, low latency voice agents ensure that users receive immediate assistance. This enhances user experience and operational efficiency.

Core Components of a Voice Agent

  • STT (Speech-to-Text): Converts spoken language into text.
  • LLM (Language Learning Model): Processes the text to understand and generate responses.
  • TTS (Text-to-Speech): Converts the generated text back into speech.

What You'll Build in This Tutorial

In this tutorial, you will build a low latency AI Voice Agent using the VideoSDK framework. You will learn to integrate STT, LLM, TTS, and other essential components to create a responsive and efficient voice agent. For a detailed walkthrough, refer to the

Voice Agent Quick Start Guide

.

Architecture and Core Concepts

High-Level Architecture Overview

The architecture of a low latency voice agent involves a seamless flow of data from user input to agent response. The process begins with the user speaking into the system, which is then captured and processed through various stages to produce a coherent and timely response.
Diagram

Understanding Key Concepts in the VideoSDK Framework

  • Agent: The core class representing your bot, handling interactions and logic.
  • CascadingPipeline: Manages the flow of audio processing, integrating STT, LLM, and TTS. Learn more about the

    Cascading pipeline in AI voice Agents

    .
  • VAD & TurnDetector: These components help the agent detect when to listen and respond, ensuring seamless interaction. Explore the

    Turn detector for AI voice Agents

    .

Setting Up the Development Environment

Prerequisites

To get started, ensure you have Python 3.11+ installed and a VideoSDK account. You can sign up at app.videosdk.live.

Step 1: Create a Virtual Environment

Create a virtual environment to manage dependencies:
1python -m venv voice-agent-env
2source voice-agent-env/bin/activate  # On Windows use `voice-agent-env\Scripts\activate`
3

Step 2: Install Required Packages

Install the necessary packages using pip:
1pip install videosdk
2pip install python-dotenv
3

Step 3: Configure API Keys in a .env file

Create a .env file in your project root and add your API keys:
1VIDEOSDK_API_KEY=your_api_key_here
2

Building the AI Voice Agent: A Step-by-Step Guide

To build your AI Voice Agent, we'll start by presenting the complete code and then break it down into manageable parts for better understanding.
1import asyncio, os
2from videosdk.agents import Agent, AgentSession, CascadingPipeline, JobContext, RoomOptions, WorkerJob, ConversationFlow
3from videosdk.plugins.silero import SileroVAD
4from videosdk.plugins.turn_detector import TurnDetector, pre_download_model
5from videosdk.plugins.deepgram import DeepgramSTT
6from videosdk.plugins.openai import OpenAILLM
7from videosdk.plugins.elevenlabs import ElevenLabsTTS
8from typing import AsyncIterator
9
10# Pre-downloading the Turn Detector model
11pre_download_model()
12
13agent_instructions = "You are a low latency voice agent designed to provide quick and efficient responses in real-time scenarios. Your primary role is to assist users by delivering information and performing tasks with minimal delay. \n\n**Persona:** You are a friendly and efficient virtual assistant, always ready to help users with their queries and tasks. Your tone is professional yet approachable, ensuring users feel comfortable interacting with you.\n\n**Capabilities:**\n1. Provide instant answers to general knowledge questions.\n2. Assist users in setting reminders and alarms.\n3. Offer quick navigation and direction assistance.\n4. Facilitate real-time language translation.\n5. Support users in managing their daily schedules and tasks.\n\n**Constraints and Limitations:**\n1. You are not capable of providing medical, legal, or financial advice and must always include a disclaimer to consult a professional for such matters.\n2. You must respect user privacy and not store any personal data beyond the session.\n3. You are designed for low latency interactions and should prioritize speed over complex processing tasks.\n4. You cannot engage in conversations that require emotional support or counseling.\n5. You must operate within the ethical guidelines and avoid any form of discrimination or bias."
14
15class MyVoiceAgent(Agent):
16    def __init__(self):
17        super().__init__(instructions=agent_instructions)
18    async def on_enter(self): await self.session.say("Hello! How can I help?")
19    async def on_exit(self): await self.session.say("Goodbye!")
20
21async def start_session(context: JobContext):
22    # Create agent and conversation flow
23    agent = MyVoiceAgent()
24    conversation_flow = ConversationFlow(agent)
25
26    # Create pipeline
27    pipeline = CascadingPipeline(
28        stt=DeepgramSTT(model="nova-2", language="en"),
29        llm=OpenAILLM(model="gpt-4o"),
30        tts=ElevenLabsTTS(model="eleven_flash_v2_5"),
31        vad=SileroVAD(threshold=0.35),
32        turn_detector=TurnDetector(threshold=0.8)
33    )
34
35    session = AgentSession(
36        agent=agent,
37        pipeline=pipeline,
38        conversation_flow=conversation_flow
39    )
40
41    try:
42        await context.connect()
43        await session.start()
44        # Keep the session running until manually terminated
45        await asyncio.Event().wait()
46    finally:
47        # Clean up resources when done
48        await session.close()
49        await context.shutdown()
50
51def make_context() -> JobContext:
52    room_options = RoomOptions(
53    #  room_id="YOUR_MEETING_ID",  # Set to join a pre-created room; omit to auto-create
54        name="VideoSDK Cascaded Agent",
55        playground=True
56    )
57
58    return JobContext(room_options=room_options)
59
60if __name__ == "__main__":
61    job = WorkerJob(entrypoint=start_session, jobctx=make_context)
62    job.start()
63

Step 4.1: Generating a VideoSDK Meeting ID

To interact with your agent, you need a meeting ID. Use the following curl command to generate one:
1curl -X POST https://api.videosdk.live/v1/meetings -H "Authorization: Bearer YOUR_API_KEY"
2

Step 4.2: Creating the Custom Agent Class

The MyVoiceAgent class is where you define the agent's behavior. It inherits from the Agent class and uses the provided instructions to guide its interactions.

Step 4.3: Defining the Core Pipeline

The CascadingPipeline orchestrates the flow of data through the system. It integrates STT, LLM, and TTS plugins to process and respond to user input efficiently. For more details on integrating TTS, explore the

ElevenLabs TTS Plugin for voice agent

.

Step 4.4: Managing the Session and Startup Logic

The start_session function initializes the agent session, connects to the VideoSDK, and starts the interaction loop. The make_context function sets up the room options, and the main block starts the job. You can explore the

AI voice Agent Sessions

for more insights.

Running and Testing the Agent

Step 5.1: Running the Python Script

Execute the script using:
1python main.py
2

Step 5.2: Interacting with the Agent in the Playground

Once the script is running, use the provided

AI Agent playground

link to interact with your agent in real-time.

Advanced Features and Customizations

Extending Functionality with Custom Tools

You can enhance your agent by integrating custom tools using the function_tool feature, allowing for more specialized tasks.

Exploring Other Plugins

Experiment with different STT, LLM, and TTS plugins to optimize your agent's performance and capabilities. Consider trying the

Deepgram STT Plugin for voice agent

and the

OpenAI LLM Plugin for voice agent

for improved results.

Troubleshooting Common Issues

API Key and Authentication Errors

Ensure your API keys are correctly configured in the .env file and that you have an active VideoSDK account.

Audio Input/Output Problems

Check your audio device settings and ensure the correct input/output devices are selected.

Dependency and Version Conflicts

Ensure all dependencies are up-to-date and compatible with your Python version.

Conclusion

Summary of What You've Built

You've successfully built a low latency AI Voice Agent capable of real-time interactions using the VideoSDK framework.

Next Steps and Further Learning

Explore additional features and plugins within the VideoSDK framework to expand your agent's capabilities and efficiency. For instance, the

Silero Voice Activity Detection

can further enhance your agent's responsiveness.

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